EB熔炼钛工艺技术综述与质量控制策略

Review on EB Titanium Smelting Process Technology and Quality Control Strategy

摘要: 电子束冷床炉(EB炉)凭借高能量密度、强真空环境及精准温度控制优势，成为高纯度、大规格钛及钛合金铸锭制备的核心设备。本文阐述EB炉熔炼钛的基本原理与工艺过程，分析在其成分均匀性、杂质去除及铸锭成型方面的关键优势，探讨熔炼功率、冷床温度梯度、熔炼速率等工艺参数对铸锭质量的影响，并提出优化方向，为EB炉在钛金属材料工业化生产中的高效应用提供参考。

Abstract: The electron beam cooled bed furnace (EB furnace) has become the core equipment for the preparation of high-purity and large-sized titanium and titanium alloy ingots due to its advantages of high energy density, strong vacuum environment, and precise temperature control. This article elaborates on the basic principles and process of EB furnace melting titanium, analyzes the key advantages in its composition uniformity, impurity removal, and ingot forming, explores the influence of process parameters such as melting power, cold bed temperature gradient, and melting rate on ingot quality, and proposes optimization directions, providing reference for the efficient application of EB furnace in the industrial production of titanium metal materials.