HIV感染中的T细胞功能障碍及其治疗前景
T Cell Dysfunction in HIV Infection and Its Therapeutic Prospects
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15103003, PDF,   
作者: 王宣人, 窦家琪, 金 泽, 赵伊卓：空军军医大学基础医学院学员队，陕西 西安
关键词: HIV感染；T细胞功能障碍；治疗前景；HIV Infection； T Cell Dysfunction； Treatment Prospect
摘要: 人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV)感染通过特异性破坏CD4+ T淋巴细胞，导致获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)，构成严峻的公共卫生威胁。HIV属于逆转录病毒，其独特的机制在于将自身的遗传信息从RNA形式转化为互补DNA，随后潜入并影响宿主细胞——主要是CD4+ T淋巴细胞的染色体中。这种整合不仅使病毒能够利用宿主细胞的转录机制进行长期潜伏和持续复制，更直接导致被感染的免疫细胞功能受损或凋亡。因此，从分子层面深入阐明HIV与宿主细胞的相互作用不仅是揭示艾滋病发病机制的科学基础，更是开发有效疫苗、新型治疗药物乃至实现功能性治愈策略的关键所在。
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by specifically destroying CD4+ T lymphocytes, posing a serious public health threat. HIV is a retrovirus whose unique mechanism is to convert its genetic information from RNA into complementary DNA, which then sneaks into and affects the chromosomes of host cells, mainly CD4+ T lymphocytes. This integration not only allows the virus to use the host cell’s transcription mechanism for long-term latent and continuous replication, but also directly leads to impaired function or apoptosis of infected immune cells. Therefore, in-depth elucidation of the interaction between HIV and host cells at the molecular level is not only the scientific basis for revealing the pathogenesis of AIDS, but also the key to the development of effective vaccines, new therapeutic drugs and even functional cure strategies.
文章引用：王宣人, 窦家琪, 金泽, 赵伊卓. HIV感染中的T细胞功能障碍及其治疗前景[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(10): 2210-2217. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15103003

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