智能网联背景下货运通道动态管控策略

Dynamic Management and Control Strategy for Freight Corridors in the Context of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

摘要: 为缓解传统静态管控策略难以适应人机混驾的复杂交互，尤其在涉及重型卡车(HDT)与智能重卡(CAT)的货运场景中，车辆异质性、换道冲突及动态协同矛盾日益凸显的情况。基于上海市两港大道高架快速路为研究对象，结合混合交通流特性，构建多类型车辆协同管控策略，通过动态车道管理与卡车编组技术，优化货运通道的综合运输效能。仿真结果表明，网联车辆渗透率提升可显著缩短车头间距并降低尾部碰撞风险(TIT指标最大降幅达53%)，为多车道动态管控策略设计提供理论支撑；当重卡渗透率高于40%时，专用道策略可显著提升通行能力(重卡行程时间减少9%)与安全性(风险降低100%)，其中“编组–左侧网联专用道”综合性能最优；低渗透率场景下，专用道会导致道路资源浪费与小汽车通行效率损失；在重卡渗透率40%~60%区间，专用道策略需结合编组技术以平衡效率与安全；渗透率超80%时，专用道内侧布局可最大程度减少交织冲突。

Abstract: To address the challenges of traditional static control strategies in adapting to the complex interactions in mixed traffic environments involving human-driven and automated vehicles, particularly in freight scenarios with Heavy-Duty Trucks (HDTs) and Connected Automated Trucks (CATs), where vehicle heterogeneity, lane-changing conflicts, and dynamic coordination issues are increasingly prominent, this study takes the elevated expressway of Liangang Avenue in Shanghai as a case study. Combining the characteristics of mixed traffic flow, a collaborative control strategy for multiple vehicle types is developed. Through dynamic lane management and truck platooning technology, the comprehensive transportation efficiency of freight corridors is optimized. Simulation results demonstrate that an increase in the penetration rate of connected vehicles significantly reduces headway and mitigates rear-end collision risks (with a maximum reduction of 53% in the Time Integrated Time-to-collision (TIT) indicator), providing theoretical support for the design of multi-lane dynamic control strategies. When the penetration rate of heavy trucks exceeds 40%, dedicated lane strategies significantly enhance traffic capacity (with a 9% reduction in travel time for heavy trucks) and safety (a 100% risk reduction), among which the “platooning-left-side connected dedicated lane” strategy delivers the best overall performance. In low-penetration scenarios, dedicated lanes may lead to underutilization of road resources and reduced efficiency for passenger cars. In the 40%~60% penetration range for heavy trucks, dedicated lane strategies must be combined with platooning technology to balance efficiency and safety. When the penetration rate exceeds 80%, an inner-lane layout for dedicated lanes can minimize weaving conflicts.