东莞市厚街医院6年分娩情况分析

Analysis of Delivery Conditions in Dongguan Houjie Hospital over Six Years

摘要: 目的：探讨2015年至2020年我院住院分娩的变化趋势，分析孕产妇基本特征及常见妊娠并发症的发生情况，为优化产科服务与管理提供依据。方法：采用回顾性研究方法，分析我院共21,177例分娩产妇的临床资料，涵盖分娩方式、年龄构成、高危因素及妊娠相关并发症等关键指标。结果：分娩总量呈逐年下降趋势，高龄孕妇和高危妊娠比例逐年上升；常见妊娠并发症包括疤痕子宫、妊娠期糖尿病、羊水异常及胎膜早破；新生儿性别比例显示女婴略多，男:女约为100:115~120。结论：尽管国家陆续实施二孩及三孩政策，生育意愿未明显增强，产妇结构和妊娠风险的变化对产科管理带来新的挑战，亟需加强对高龄及高危孕产妇的监测与干预，提升整体围产期照护质量。

Abstract: Objectives: To explore the changing trends of in-hospital deliveries in our hospital from 2015 to 2020, analyze the basic characteristics of pregnant women and the incidence of common pregnancy complications, and provide a basis for optimizing obstetric services and management. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of a total of 21,177 parturients who delivered in our hospital, covering key indicators such as delivery mode, age composition, high-risk factors, and pregnancy-related complications. Results: The total number of deliveries showed a decreasing trend year by year, while the proportions of elderly pregnant women and high-risk pregnancies increased annually. Common pregnancy complications included scarred uterus, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), abnormal amniotic fluid, and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). The neonatal gender ratio showed a slight predominance of female infants, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 100:115~120. Conclusions: Despite the successive implementation of the two-child and three-child policies in China, fertility willingness has not increased significantly. Changes in the structure of parturients and pregnancy risks have brought new challenges to obstetric management. It is urgent to strengthen the monitoring and intervention for elderly and high-risk pregnant women, and improve the overall quality of perinatal care.