中小学校课后服务现状调查研究——以苏州市为例

Survey and Study on the Current Situation of After-School Services in Primary and Secondary Schools—Taking Suzhou City as an Example

摘要: 选取苏州市部分学生、家长与教师为考察中心，采用便利调查与聚焦式访谈的方法，从认识、价值、过程、评价四个维度对中小学校课后服务政策实施中的现实问题进行调查。研究结果显示：课后服务有效缓解了家长接送难题与经济负担，提升了学生作业效率与社交兴趣能力，但存在学生体验分化、教师工作负担过重、服务质量专业性不足及资源协同机制缺失等问题。当前服务已实现“全覆盖”，但距“高质量”发展仍有差距。基于此，建议明确学校“基础托管 + 素质拓展”双轨定位，健全教师激励与校外资源整合机制，强化学生选择权与多维评价体系，构建家校社多元协同的支持生态。

Abstract: This paper examines the current implementation of after-school services in primary and secondary schools in Suzhou, China, in light of national and local education policies that have promoted their rapid expansion since 2017. Based on questionnaire surveys and focused interviews with students, parents, and teachers, the study explores four analytical dimensions: recognition, perceived value, implementation process, and evaluation outcomes. The findings indicate that after-school services have achieved universal coverage and generated notable benefits. For parents, they effectively alleviate the practical challenges of child pickup and reduce household financial burdens by lowering reliance on off-campus tutoring. For students, they improve homework efficiency, cultivate social interaction, and support the development of diverse interests. Nevertheless, several structural and practical problems remain evident: students report unequal experiences and a sense of fatigue caused by extended school hours; teachers face increased workloads, blurred professional roles, and insufficient compensation; and the quality of services is constrained by limited specialization and the absence of effective mechanisms for integrating external educational resources. The study argues that current services represent a significant step toward equity and holistic development but remain in transition from “basic coverage” to “high-quality provision”. To address these challenges, it proposes clarifying the dual-track positioning of after-school services as both “basic care” and “quality-oriented enrichment”, establishing robust teacher incentive and support mechanisms, enhancing collaboration with external organizations, safeguarding students’ autonomy and emotional well-being, and constructing a multi-dimensional evaluation system. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need for a coordinated governance model that links schools, families, and society in order to ensure the sustainable and high-quality development of after-school services.