托福考试补全单词题题型分析及教学研发建议

An Analysis of the TOEFL “Complete the Words” Question Type and Suggestions for Teaching & Development

摘要: 本文对托福考试中“Complete the Words”题型的命题原理、能力考查维度、教学应用及与多邻国考试类似题型的区别进行了系统分析。研究基于真实语料与标准化命题框架，探讨了该题型在词汇知识、语法结构和语篇理解三个层面的考查机制，并提出分层教学与内容研发建议，旨在为托福等高水平语言测评体系的题型优化与教学实践提供理论依据和实践参考。

Abstract: This paper provides a systematic analysis of the TOEFL “Complete the Words” question type, focusing on its design principles, assessment dimensions of language competence, pedagogical applications, and distinctions from a similar task in the Duolingo English Test. Grounded in authentic language materials and a standardized item design framework, the study investigates the test’s mechanisms in evaluating vocabulary knowledge, grammatical structure, and text comprehension. Furthermore, it proposes a scaffolded teaching approach and content development strategies, aiming to offer theoretical and practical insights for the refinement of high-stakes language assessments such as the TOEFL and related teaching practices.