基于语料库的小学英语同义词教学研究

A Corpus-Based Study on Synonym Teaching in Primary School English

摘要: 本文旨在应用语料库分析的方法研究小学英语同义词的使用特点及其在教学中的应用，以提升中高年级小学生对同义词词义的辨析能力和实际运用水平。研究聚焦于四个常见形容词同义词——small、little、young和tiny，基于美国当代英语语料库(COCA)，从语域、搭配和语义韵的角度探究这四个同义词的异同。研究结果表明，这些同义词在语域分布上存在显著差异，small和tiny倾向于正式书面语，而little更常见于口语场景；在搭配特征方面，各词汇呈现出不同的使用偏好；语义韵分析揭示了其在具体语境中的细微差异。本研究为基于语料库的小学英语词汇教学提供了理论支持和实践指导，有助于学生更好地掌握真实语境下英语词汇的使用特点，从而更有效地提高小学英语词汇教学的教学效果。

Abstract: This study applies corpus analysis to investigate the usage characteristics of English synonyms in primary school and their applications in teaching. The goal is to enhance students’ ability to distinguish and use synonyms effectively. Focusing on four common adjective synonyms—“small”, “little”, “young”, and “tiny”—the study analyzes their differences in register, collocation, and semantic prosody based on the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Findings indicate significant differences in register distribution: “small” and “tiny” are more common in formal written texts, while “little” appears more frequently in spoken language. Collocation analysis reveals distinct usage preferences for each word, and semantic prosody highlights subtle contextual differences. This research provides theoretical support and practical guidance for corpus-based vocabulary teaching in primary schools, helping students better grasp the contextual usage of English words and ultimately improving the effectiveness of vocabulary instruction.