康德“审美无利害”学说的当代境遇与价值建构

The Contemporary Situation and Value Construction of Kant’s Theory of “Aesthetic Disinterestedness”

摘要: 康德“审美无利害”学说是西方的一个经典美学命题，重视主体的情感体验反映出其思想的人文价值关怀，将纯粹的审美鉴赏与快适、善这一范畴相区分。同时，社会的快速发展导致“审美无利害”在当代中国面临着“审美功利化”与“审美庸俗化”的精神境遇，而“审美无利害”思想彰显着巨大的生命力与张力，不仅能够克服现存的社会困境，而且也为健全人格的培养、美育的贯彻及现代美学的发展贡献出源源不断的理论价值。

Abstract: Kant’s theory of “aesthetic disinterestedness” is a classic Western aesthetic proposition. Its emphasis on the subject’s emotional experience reflects its concern for humanistic value, distinguishing pure aesthetic appreciation from categories such as pleasure and goodness. Meanwhile, the rapid development of society has led “aesthetic disinterestedness” in contemporary China to face the spiritual dilemmas of “aesthetic utilitarianism” and “aesthetic generalization”. However, the concept of “aesthetic disinterestedness” demonstrates tremendous vitality and tension. It not only overcomes existing social dilemmas but also contributes continuous theoretical value for cultivating sound personalities, implementing aesthetic education, and advancing modern aesthetics.