压缩空气储能系统中蝶阀排气消音设计与性能分析

Design and Performance Analysis of Butterfly Valve Exhaust Muffler in Compressed Air Energy Storage System

摘要: 压缩空气储能系统噪声问题严重影响设备寿命与环境安全，本文针对压缩空气储能系统中透平膨胀机放空噪声，设计了一款消音器。建立无消音器(蝶阀)和含消音器(蝶阀加消音器)的对比模型，通过数值模拟方法研究了不同入口压力(5、7.5及10 MPa)和蝶阀开度(30%、50%及70%)对流场和气动噪声的影响，利用Virtual. Lab软件验证了本文消音器的合理性，最后对比两种模型在相同工况下的噪声频谱特性。结果表明，蝶阀加消音器较蝶阀最高流速降低，有效改善了流场分布。随着阀门开度从30%增至70%，蝶阀加消音器出口声功率级从45 dB升至80 dB，揭示开度对噪声的显著影响。消音器(小孔半径16 mm、小孔间距142 mm)在100 Hz~2000 Hz频段峰值传递损失达38 dB，低频(100 Hz~500 Hz)和高频(1000 Hz~2000 Hz)衰减性能优异。消音器使出口平均声功率级显著降低。该研究为压缩空气储能系统噪声控制提供了低成本、高精度的设计方法。

Abstract: The noise problem of the compressed air energy storage system seriously affects the service life of the equipment and environmental safety. This article designs an integrated resistant muffler for the exhaust noise of the turbine expander in the compressed air energy storage system. A comparative model was established between a butterfly valve without a muffler and a butterfly valve with a muffler. The effects of different inlet pressures (5, 7.5, and 10 MPa) and butterfly valve openings (30%, 50%, and 70%) on the flow field and aerodynamic noise were studied through numerical simulation. The rationality of the muffler in this paper was verified using Virtual. Lab software. Finally, the noise spectrum characteristics of the two models were compared under the same operating conditions. The results indicate that the addition of a muffler to the butterfly valve reduces the maximum flow velocity compared to the butterfly valve, effectively improving the flow field distribution. As the valve opening increases from 30% to 70%, the sound power level at the outlet of the butterfly valve with a muffler increases from 45 dB to 80 dB, revealing the significant impact of opening on noise. The muffler (with a small hole radius of 16 mm and a small hole spacing of 142 mm) has a peak transmission loss of 38 dB in the frequency range of 100 Hz~2000 Hz, and excellent attenuation performance in low frequency (100 Hz~500 Hz) and high frequency (1000 Hz~2000 Hz). The muffler significantly reduces the average sound power level at the outlet. This study provides a low-cost and high-precision design method for noise control in compressed air energy storage systems.