知识翻译学视域下《黄帝内经·素问》文化负载词英译探究——以李照国译本为例

The English Translation of Culture-Loaded Words in The Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine · Plain Conversation from the Perspective of Transknowletology—A Case Study of Li Zhaoguo’s Translation

摘要: 本研究探讨了在知识翻译学视域下，中医典籍《黄帝内经·素问》中文化负载词的英译问题。该文以杨枫提出的知识翻译学理论及其“真、善、美”有机统一原则为理论框架，选取李照国的英译本作为具体案例进行分析。研究将《内经》中的文化负载词分为哲学宗教、生理、病因病机和诊疗行为四类。通过对译例的分析，文章发现李照国译本主要采用“音译 + 括号解释”的核心策略来确保知识的“真”，即保留文化本真性；同时辅以意译、增译、归化等策略来追求“善”与“美”，即提升译文的可读性和表达效果。研究结论认为，这种综合性的翻译范式有效地传递了中医的核心知识与理念，弥合了中西文化认知差异，为中医典籍的对外翻译与传播提供了一条兼具理论深度与实践价值的路径。

Abstract: This study focuses on the English translation challenges of the culturally loaded terms in The Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine · Plain Conversation. The study introduces the theory of Transknowletology proposed by Yang Feng, guided by his principle of the unity of “truth, goodness, and beauty” and uses Li Zhaoguo’s English translation as a case for in-depth analysis. The study categorizes the culture-loaded terms into four types: philosophy and religion, physiology, etiology and pathogenesis, and diagnosis and therapeutic practices. The study finds that, in dealing with the deeply embedded Chinese cultural concepts contained in the culturally loaded terms of TCM, Li’s translation mainly adopts the strategy of “transliteration + parenthetical explanation” to preserve authenticity and retain differences. Additionally, it incorporates strategies of free translation, addition, and naturalization to enhance readability and expressiveness. This integrated transformation paradigm effectively conveys TCM concepts, bridges cultural cognitive differences, and provides new theoretical perspectives and practical pathways for the English translation of TCM classics and the dissemination of Chinese culture.