武汉武湖底泥评价与清淤治理探索

Evaluation and Dredging Treatment Exploration of Sediment in Wuhu Lake, Wuhan

摘要: 湖泊底泥是湖泊内源污染的主要贡献者，有效评价湖泊底泥的污染状况将为底泥淤积面积和淤积量估算等提供重要数据支撑。文章选取具有典型代表性的浅水湖泊——武汉市武湖，测定了武湖底泥中的底泥层厚度和不同分层底泥的总氮、总磷、总有机质、天然含水率和pH值，并测定了表层和分层重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Hg含量，并对代表不同营养状态的底泥柱进行了不同清淤深度的释放速率测定，揭示了武湖底泥空间分布特征，并对武湖底泥状况进行了评价。文章最后确定武湖合适的清淤范围、清淤深度和清淤量等清淤治理方案，为浅水湖泊清淤治理提供参考和借鉴。

Abstract: The lake sediments are the main contributors to the internal pollution of lakes. Effective evaluation of the pollution status of lake sediments will provide important data support for the estimation of sediment area and deposition volume. This article selects the typical shallow lake, Wuhan Lake in Wuhan City, to determine the thickness of the sediment layer and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total organic matter, natural moisture content, and pH value of different stratified sediments. The contents of heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg in the surface layer were measured, and the release rates of sediment columns representing different nutritional states were measured at different dredging depths to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants in Wuhan Lake. The article also evaluates the sediment status of Wuhan Lake and determines the appropriate dredging range, dredging depth, and dredging quantity for ecological dredging work. Provide reference and guidance for dredging and management of shallow lakes.