湿地生态旅游与社区协调发展的实践路径探究——以温州三垟湿地为例

Exploring Practical Pathways for the Coordinated Development of Wetland Ecotourism and Communities—A Case Study of Sanyang Wetland in Wenzhou

摘要: 湿地生态旅游的核心是实现生态保护、社区参与和经济可持续协同，而社区参与则是生态保护与旅游发展的关键。本文以温州三垟湿地为例，探讨了湿地生态旅游与社区协调发展的路径。温州三垟湿地有着丰富的生态资源和深厚的瓯越文化底蕴，通过“共富工坊”“就业优先”等做法，让社区深度融入到旅游发展，从曾经的“生态修复样本”逐渐演变为“生态旅游与社区共生”的形态。当前，三垟湿地也面临着旅游产品不够精细，利益收益有待提升的问题。为此，本文参考了东洞庭湖、拉市海以及巴厘岛、秘鲁查维尼亚等经验，提出了进一步深化社区参与、创新旅游产品、优化利益分配、强化生态保护等一系列路径和方法。我们认为，城市湿地的生态旅游与社区协调发展具备关联性，目前的关键问题在于协调的生态承载力、社区获得感与旅游吸引力之间的平衡关系进而使得生态、文化与民生实现共生共荣。

Abstract: The core of wetland ecotourism lies in achieving the synergy of ecological protection, community participation, and economic sustainability, with community participation being the key link between ecological conservation and tourism development. This paper takes Sanyang Wetland in Wenzhou as a case study to explore pathways for the coordinated development of wetland ecotourism and communities. Sanyang Wetland boasts rich ecological resources and profound Ou-Yue cultural heritage. Through initiatives such as “Common Prosperity Workshops” and “Employment Priority,” the community has been deeply integrated into tourism development, transforming the area from a former “model of ecological restoration” into an example of “symbiosis between ecotourism and community.” However, challenges remain, such as the need for more refined tourism products and a more balanced distribution of community benefits. Drawing on experiences from domestic wetlands like East Dongting Lake and Lashihai, as well as international cases such as Bali and Chavín de Huántar in Peru, this paper proposes specific pathways to further enhance community participation, innovate tourism products, optimize benefit distribution, and strengthen ecological protection coordination. The study finds that the coordinated development of urban wetland ecotourism and communities is feasible, with the key being to balance ecological carrying capacity, community satisfaction, and tourism attractiveness, ultimately achieving symbiosis and shared prosperity among ecology, culture, and livelihoods.