类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺病的危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

摘要: 类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis, RA)是一种以慢性滑膜炎、血管翳形成和骨关节破坏为主要病理特征的系统性自身免疫病。类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺病(rheumatoid arthritis-associated Interstitial lung disease, RA-ILD)是其肺部受累最常见的表现形式。ILD早期以间质性炎症为主，晚期则进展为肺纤维化，最终可导致呼吸功能衰竭甚至死亡，显著影响患者的发病与死亡风险。由于RA-ILD起病隐匿，早期识别其危险因素对预防该并发症具有重要意义。本文就近年来RA-ILD相关危险因素的研究进展作一综述。

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized pathologically by chronic synovitis, pannus formation, and destruction of bones and joints. Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) represents the most common form of pulmonary involvement in RA. In its early stages, ILD is primarily characterized by interstitial inflammation, which progresses to pulmonary fibrosis in advanced phases, ultimately leading to respiratory failure and even death, significantly impacting patient morbidity and mortality risks. Due to its insidious onset, early identification of risk factors is of great importance for preventing this complication. This article reviews recent advances in the study of risk factors associated with RA-ILD.