维汉双语儿童是否存在递归习得延迟？——来自年龄匹配对照研究的证据
Is There a Delay in the Acquisition of Recursion in Uyghur-Chinese Bilingual Children?—Evidence from an Age-Matched Controlled Study
DOI: 10.12677/ml.2025.13101123, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 王晓怿, 傅晨溪：苏州大学外国语学院，江苏 苏州
关键词: 维汉双语；方位递归；递归习得；Uyghur-Chinese Bilingualism； Locative Recursion； Acquisition of Recursion
摘要: 本文检验维语–汉语双语儿童在二语(普通话)方位尾递归序列(locative recursion)习得上是否存在延迟，旨在探讨双语输入与认知处理对递归习得的影响。基于Fu et al. (2024)的材料改编，本研究对比了经年龄与性别匹配的两组儿童：22名维–汉双语儿童(4~7岁，M = 5.42，SD = 1.03)与22名普通话单语儿童(4~7岁，M = 5.61，SD = 0.96)。采用看图指认(pointing task)评估2级DeP递归理解；数据通过非参数检验与基于变分贝叶斯的二项广义线性混合模型(Binomial Bayesian GLMM)分析，固定效应包括年龄与组别，随机效应为被试与题目截距。年龄对正确率有显著正向影响(β = 0.58, SE = 0.03, z = 18.07, p < 0.001, OR ≈ 1.79)，体现随年龄增长答题几率显著提升；组别效应不显著(β = −0.05, SE = 0.23, z = −0.21, p = 0.833, OR ≈ 0.95)，表明双语组与单语组在方位递归任务上的表现无显著差异。随机效应显示被试与题目间存在适度基线差异(Var ≈ 0.38, 0.44)。在本研究样本与实验范式下，维–汉双语儿童并未表现出二语方位递归习得的系统性延迟；年龄而非语言背景是主要预测因子。研究指出充足的二语输入与双语经验可能抵消潜在的习得延迟。但样本地域与规模限制、被试二语环境细节不足，提醒未来需扩大样本并细化输入测量以检验普适性。
Abstract: This study investigates whether Uyghur-Chinese bilingual children experience delays in acquiring locative recursive sequences in their second language (Mandarin Chinese), with the aim of exploring the impacts of bilingual input and cognitive processing on recursion acquisition. Adapted from the materials by Fu et al. (2024), the research compared two age- and gender-matched groups of children: 22 Uyghur-Chinese bilingual children (aged 4~7 years, M = 5.42, SD = 1.03) and 22 Mandarin monolingual children (aged 4~7 years, M = 5.61, SD = 0.96). A pointing task was used to assess the children’s comprehension of Level-2 Determiner Phrase (DeP) recursion, and data were analyzed via nonparametric tests and a Binomial Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Model (Binomial Bayesian GLMM), where fixed effects included age and group, and random effects were the intercepts of participants and test items. Results showed that age had a significant positive effect on accuracy (β = 0.58, SE = 0.03, z = 18.07, p < 0.001, OR ≈ 1.79), indicating a significant increase in the probability of correct responses with age, while the group effect was not significant (β = –0.05, SE = 0.23, z = –0.21, p = 0.833, OR ≈ 0.95), suggesting no significant difference in locative recursion task performance between the bilingual and monolingual groups. Random effects revealed moderate baseline variability between participants and test items (Var ≈ 0.38 and 0.44, respectively). Within the scope of the study’s sample and experimental paradigm, Uyghur-Chinese bilingual children did not exhibit systematic delays in acquiring locative recursion in their second language (Mandarin), and age—rather than language background—served as the primary predictor. The study proposes that sufficient L2 input and bilingual experience may counteract potential acquisition delays; however, limitations related to the sample’s geographical scope and size, as well as insufficient details about participants’ L2 exposure environments, emphasize the need for future research to expand the sample size and refine input measurement to test the generalizability of the findings.
文章引用：王晓怿, 傅晨溪. 维汉双语儿童是否存在递归习得延迟？——来自年龄匹配对照研究的证据[J]. 现代语言学, 2025, 13(10): 806-815. https://doi.org/10.12677/ml.2025.13101123

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