经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术治疗急性胆囊炎的进展

Progress in Percutaneous Transhepatic Gallbladder Drainage for the Treatment of Acute Cholecystitis

摘要: 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystiis, AC)是急腹症的一种常见类型，对患者身体健康造成较大危害，需要及时治疗。临床治疗AC的主要方法即手术治疗，其中腹腔镜胆囊切除(laparoscopic cholecystectomy, LC)术具有创伤小、操作便捷、预后效果好等优点，因而常作为AC治疗的首选方案。但这种手术对于高龄、病情严重且合并严重基础疾病的高危患者而言仍然存在一定危险性。超声引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术(percutaneous transhepatic galbladder drainage, PTGBD)通过快速减轻胆囊压力、控制感染，为这类手术患者提供了有效的治疗替代方案。本文通过分析PTGBD在AC治疗中的研究进展，旨在为临床决策提供参考。

Abstract: Acute cholecystitis (AC) is a common type of acute abdomen, which poses a significant threat to patients’ health and requires prompt treatment. The main clinical treatment for AC is surgical intervention, among which laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is often the preferred option due to its advantages of minimal trauma, ease of operation, and good prognosis. However, this surgery still poses certain risks for high-risk patients who are elderly, have severe conditions, and have serious underlying diseases. Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) under ultrasound guidance, by rapidly reducing gallbladder pressure and controlling infection, provides an effective alternative treatment option for these patients. This article analyzes the research progress of PTGBD in the treatment of AC, aiming to provide a reference for clinical decision-making.