基于大数据的应急救援云平台构建应用研究

Research on the Application of Big Data in Building an Emergency Rescue Cloud Platform

摘要: 本文运用大数据技术、物联网技术、云计算技术构建了一个大数据应急救援云平台。该平台总体架构分为基础设施层、数据层、支撑层、应用层，服务架构采用B/S、C/S、分布式集群相结合的模式，数据存储及处理综合运用Hadoop、Hive、Kafaka、Spark等大数据技术，功能涵盖监测预警、应急预案启动、应急通信、智能指挥、灾后损失评估。该平台的建设为应急管理决策提供了基于大数据的科学支持，有助于提升对各类突发事件的应变能力。

Abstract: This paper adopts big data technology, Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and cloud computing technology to construct a big data emergency rescue cloud platform. The overall architecture of the platform is divided into the Infrastructure Layer, Data Layer, Support Layer, and Application Layer. The service architecture adopts a combined mode of B/S (Browser/Server), C/S (Client/Server), and distributed cluster. Data storage and processing comprehensively utilize big data technologies such as Hadoop, Hive, Kafka, and Spark, with functions covering monitoring and early warning, activation of emergency plans, emergency communication, intelligent command, and post-disaster loss assessment. The construction of this platform provides data-driven scientific support for emergency management decisions and helps improve the response capacity to various emergencies.