结核病预防及管理策略的研究进展
Research Advances in Tuberculosis Prevention and Management Strategies
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15113058, PDF,   
作者: 廖思清, 祝可欣：华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉金银潭医院呼吸与危重症医学科，湖北省传染病临床医学研究中心，中国医学科学院武汉传染性疾病诊治研究中心，中国科学院武汉病毒研究所&武汉市金银潭医院感染性疾病与健康联合实验室，湖北 武汉；齐 琦：华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院呼吸与危重症医学科，湖北 武汉；周 霞*：华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉金银潭医院呼吸介入科，湖北省传染病临床医学研究中心，中国医学科学院武汉传染性疾病诊治研究中心，中国科学院武汉病毒研究所&武汉市金银潭医院感染性疾病与健康联合实验室，湖北 武汉
关键词: 结核病；结核感染；预防性治疗；疫苗；策略；Tuberculosis； Latent Tuberculosis Infection； Prevention Treatment； Vaccines； Strategies
摘要: 结核病(Tuberculosis, TB)是全球公共卫生领域的长期挑战，严重威胁人类健康。近年来，随着人口结构变化、耐药菌株的蔓延以及新冠疫情的影响等，结核病防控(简称结防)面临新的挑战。要实现“终结结核病”的战略目标，当前对结核病的预防体系建设中仍存在明显短板，防控能力和措施覆盖均不足。本文首先从结核病预防的特异性措施入手，包括结核病疫苗研发、结核感染的筛查、结核病预防性治疗(Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment, TPT)，进而重点探讨对高危人群重点防控与结核病预防管理模式优化，以推动各项措施有效落实。最后，对未来结核病精准防治和综合管理的发展方向进行了展望，以期为临床实践与政策制定提供参考。
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health challenge and continues to pose a serious threat to human health. In recent years, TB control efforts have encountered new obstacles resulting from changes in population structure, the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Achieving the strategic goal of “ending the TB epidemic” requires addressing persistent gaps in the current TB prevention infrastructure, where both control capacity and coverage of interventions remain insufficient. This article begins by reviewing specific measures for TB prevention, including vaccine development, screening for TB infection, and tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT). It then explores targeted strategies for high-risk populations and discusses optimizations in TB prevention management models to enhance the implementation of effective measures. Finally, the paper outlines future directions for precision prevention and comprehensive management of TB, with the aim of informing both clinical practice and policy-making.
文章引用：廖思清, 祝可欣, 齐琦, 周霞. 结核病预防及管理策略的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(11): 12-19. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15113058

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