近代中医骨伤流派考析

Examination and Analysis of Modern Schools of Chinese Medicine and Orthopedic Trauma

摘要: 中医骨伤学术流派是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产，对近现代骨伤医学的发展具有重要影响。近些年来，越来越多的学者对全国各地各民族的骨伤流派进行了深入考证和研究，为骨伤事业的发展作出了巨大贡献。然而，针对国家中医药管理局2012年首批规划的中医学术流派传承工作室建设单位中的13家中医骨伤流派，缺乏较为系统的整理。13家流派各具优劣，如何将它们的核心思想更好地归纳甚至融合，最终指导临床，是值得研究的问题。本文以这13家流派为例，介绍其渊源体系，总结各流派代表传人擅长的药对及其应用，并比较各家流派在常见骨伤疾病如桡骨远端骨折和腰椎间盘突出症等方面的特色诊疗方法，包括正骨手法和内治外治药物的运用，以期为流派思想服务于临床提供理论基础。

Abstract: The academic schools of traditional Chinese orthopedics are a precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation and have had a significant influence on the development of modern orthopedic medicine. In recent years, an increasing number of scholars have conducted in-depth research and investigations on orthopedic schools from various regions and ethnic groups across the country, making significant contributions to the development of orthopedic medicine. However, there is a lack of systematic organization regarding the 13 orthopedic schools identified by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in its 2012 initial planning for the establishment of academic inheritance studios. Each of these 13 schools has its own strengths and weaknesses, and it is worth studying how to better summarize and even integrate them to ultimately guide clinical practice. This article takes these 13 schools as examples, introduces their historical origins, summarizes the representative disciples’ expertise in the use and application of herbal medicine, and compares the distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic methods of each school in common orthopedic conditions such as distal radius fractures and lumbar disc herniation. This includes the use of orthopedic techniques and the application of internal and external treatment with herbal medicine, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the application of school-specific ideas in clinical practice.