慢性乙型肝炎流行病学特点和预防进展
Epidemiological Characteristics and Advances in Prevention of Chronic Hepatitis B
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15113079, PDF,   
作者: 李垠甫, 许红梅*, 赵瑞秋*：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院感染科，国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心，儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室，儿童感染与免疫罕见病重庆市重点实验室，重庆
关键词: HBV；流行病学；预防；HBV； Epidemiology； Prevention
摘要: 慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)是全球重大公共卫生问题。本文系统综述2018~2024年34项中英文研究，结合我国CHB预防指南(2022版)、WHO 2024年CHB预防指南，分析CHB的流行病学特征及预防进展。结果显示：(1) 全球流行呈显著地域差异，高分布地区以发展中国家为主，低分布地区以欧美洲发达国家为主；(2) 中国2011~2021年发病率显示，我国仍为CHB高流行地区，现阶段西北及部分华北地区、华南地区为我国主要乙肝分布聚集区；(3) 母婴阻断预防仍旧是我国乙肝防治的重点，未来需加强疫苗接种和区域化防控策略。
Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major global public health issue. This paper systematically reviews 34 Chinese and English studies from 2018 to 2024, integrating China’s CHB Prevention Guidelines (2022 edition) and the WHO 2024 CHB Prevention Guidelines to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and prevention progress of CHB. The results indicate: (1) Significant regional disparities exist in global prevalence, with high-distribution areas primarily in developing countries and low-distribution areas concentrated in developed nations of Europe and the Americas; (2) Incidence data from China (2011~2021) demonstrate that the country remains a high-prevalence region for CHB, with current major distribution clusters located in the northwest, parts of northern China, and southern China; (3) Mother-to-child transmission prevention remains the focal point of China’s hepatitis B control efforts, necessitating reinforced vaccination programs and regionalized prevention strategies in the future.
文章引用：李垠甫, 许红梅, 赵瑞秋. 慢性乙型肝炎流行病学特点和预防进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(11): 152-158. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15113079

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