商标商品平行进口问题的法律研究

Legal Research on the Issue of Parallel Importation of Trademarked Goods

摘要: 随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的发展，大量商标商品在全球范围内流动，进口商将商标商品从其他低价地域进口至高价位的进口国销售，凭借此价格差异来获取利润，如此便产生了商标商品平行进口的问题。我国目前在立法层面还未出台相关的法律予以规范，司法实践中尚无具体法律的指引，遇到此类纠纷大都只能依靠法官的自由裁量，从而出现了司法混乱甚至于同案不同判的情况。本文意欲厘清商标平行进口的概念和侵权认定的相关理论基础，通过对比分析不同国家或地区对于商标平行进口相关问题的理论研究成果和司法实践，以期明晰我国在解决平行进口问题时选择何种理论原则较为合适，为我国建立较为完善的商标平行进口法律体系提供有益的启示。

Abstract: With the development of economic globalization and trade liberalization, trademarked goods flow extensively across global markets. Importers purchase such goods from low-price regions and import them into higher-priced countries for resale, profiting from price differentials. This practice gives rise to the issue of parallel importation of trademarked goods. Currently, China lacks specific legislative provisions to regulate parallel imports at the statutory level. Judicial practice also lacks concrete legal guidance, leaving disputes largely dependent on judges’ discretionary rulings. Consequently, judicial inconsistencies and divergent rulings in similar cases have emerged. This paper aims to clarify the conceptual framework of trademark parallel imports and the theoretical foundations for infringement determination. By comparatively analyzing theoretical research and judicial practices regarding parallel imports in different countries/regions, it seeks to identify suitable theoretical principles for resolving parallel import issues in China. Ultimately, it proposes constructive insights for establishing a well-defined legal system governing trademark parallel imports.