博州地区两次秋末冬初寒潮天气过程对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Two Cold Wave Weather Processes in Bozhou Area during Late Autumn and Early Winter

摘要: 利用博州4个国家站、49个区域站的观测资料及ERA5再分析资料，采用天气学诊断方法，对发生在博州地区秋末冬初的两场寒潮过程进行对比分析。结果表明：两场寒潮过程均出现500 hPa环流以“冷中心引导 + 横槽转竖”为关键，海平面气压场均以冷高压东移为动力，两次过程均存在“高层冷源–中层纽带–低层致灾”的垂直链条，导致极端大风与广域降温。本研究可为博州秋末冬初寒潮的精准预报与灾害防控提供科学依据。

Abstract: Based on the observation data from 4 national weather stations and 49 regional weather stations in Bozhou, as well as ERA5 reanalysis data, synoptic diagnostic methods were employed to conduct a comparative analysis of two cold wave processes that occurred in Bozhou during late autumn and early winter. The results show that: for both cold wave processes, the 500 hPa circulation featured “cold center guidance + horizontal trough turning vertical” as the key characteristic, while the sea-level pressure fields were driven by the eastward movement of cold high pressure. Both processes exhibited a vertical chain of “upper-level cold source - middle-level link - lower-level disaster-causing”, which resulted in extreme gales and wide-range temperature drops. This study can provide a scientific basis for the accurate forecasting of cold waves and disaster prevention and control in Bozhou during late autumn and early winter.