含氟牙膏在预防儿童龋齿中的长期效果与安全性评估

Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Fluoride Toothpaste in Preventing Dental Caries in Children

摘要: 为评估含氟牙膏在儿童龋齿预防中的长期效果及安全性，本研究选取2024年6月至12月的100例3~12岁儿童，随机分为实验组(50例，使用含氟牙膏)与对照组(50例，使用普通牙膏)。实验组按年龄选用500~600 ppm (3~6岁)或1000~1100 ppm (7~12岁)氟浓度牙膏，两组均采用巴氏刷牙法，家长监督用量与操作。经1年干预，实验组龋齿发生率12.00%，显著低于对照组的36.00%；分层分析显示3~6岁、7~12岁实验组发生率均低于对应对照组(P < 0.05)。实验组不良反应发生率2.00%，与对照组的4.00%无统计学差异(P > 0.05)。结果表明，含氟牙膏可有效降低儿童龋齿发生率，且安全性良好。

Abstract: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of fluoride toothpaste in preventing dental caries among children, this study enrolled 100 children aged 3 - 12 years from June to December 2024, randomly assigned into an experimental group (50 children using fluoride toothpaste) and a control group (50 children using regular toothpaste). The experimental group used toothpaste with fluoride concentrations of 500 - 600 ppm (for ages 3 - 6) or 1000 - 1100 ppm (for ages 7 - 12), while both groups adopted the Bass brushing technique under parental supervision regarding amount and brushing procedure. After one year of intervention, the caries incidence rate was 12.00% in the experimental group, significantly lower than 36.00% in the control group. Stratified analysis showed that the incidence rates in the experimental subgroups (ages 3 - 6 and 7 - 12) were both lower than their respective control subgroups (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate in the experimental group was 2.00%, which showed no statistically significant difference compared to 4.00% in the control group (P > 0.05). The results indicate that fluoride toothpaste effectively reduces the incidence of dental caries in children and has a favorable safety profile.