春晚小品语言中的语言变异及其幽默效果分析——以赵本山的小品作品《卖拐》为例

Analysis of Linguistic Deviation and Its Humorous Effects in the Language of Spring Festival Gala Sketches—A Case Study of Benshan Zhao’s Sketch “Mai Guai (Selling a Crutch)”

摘要: 小品是春晚中必不可少的一类节目，也是最受观众喜爱的艺术品种，它的语言独具特色，或夸张、或讽刺、或幽默，语言变异是使小品语言独具特色的重要手段，《卖拐》是中国传统节日春节晚会的一个节目，主要讲述的是一个人(赵本山扮演)将拐杖卖给双脚完好的陌生人(范伟扮演)的滑稽故事。本文则聚焦赵本山经典春晚小品《卖拐》，深入剖析其中的语言变异现象及其产生的幽默效果。通过对语音、词汇、语法和语用层面语言变异的详细分析，揭示语言变异与幽默效果之间的内在联系。

Abstract: Sketches are an indispensable part of the Spring Festival Gala and one of the most popular art forms among audiences. Their language has unique characteristics, being either exaggerated, satirical, or humorous. Linguistic deviation is an important means to make the language of sketches distinctive. “Mai Guai” is a program from the Chinese traditional Spring Festival Gala, which mainly tells a funny story about a man (played by Benshan Zhao) selling a crutch to a stranger with intact legs (played by Fan Wei). This paper focuses on Benshan Zhao’s classic Spring Festival Gala sketch “Mai Guai”, and deeply analyzes the linguistic deviation phenomena in it and the humorous effects they produce. Through a detailed analysis of linguistic deviation at the phonetic, lexical, grammatical and pragmatic levels, it reveals the internal connection between linguistic deviation and humorous effects.