从语篇失接到文化贯通：《长安三万里》英文字幕衔接问题与翻译对策

From Discursive Disconnections to Cultural Coherence: Cohesion Problems and Translation Strategies in the English Subtitles of Chang An

摘要: 本研究以韩礼德与哈桑的语篇衔接理论为分析框架，系统性地考察了动画电影《长安三万里》官方英文字幕的翻译质量。论文聚焦于语法衔接(照应、省略、连接)和词汇衔接(复现、共现)两个层面，通过具体的案例分析，指出了字幕中存在的语篇失接问题，如指代不一致、省略过度、逻辑关系隐晦、文化意象复现混乱以及共现语义链断裂等。文章认为，这些问题主要源于汉语的意合特征与英语的形合要求在转换过程中的失衡，以及唐代特有文化负载词在跨文化传播中本身存在的难度。基于以上分析，论文最后提出了一系列优化策略，包括显化指称、适度补充省略、强化逻辑连接、统一并层级化处理文化意象、恢复共现语义场等，旨在提升字幕的语篇连贯性和文化传播效度，为同类题材影视作品的字幕翻译提供参考，助力中国文化产品“走出去”。

Abstract: Based on Halliday and Hasan’s discourse cohesion theory, this study systematically examines the translation quality of the official English subtitles of the animated film Chang An. Focusing on both grammatical cohesion (reference, ellipsis, conjunction) and lexical cohesion (reiteration, collocation), the paper identifies issues of discursive disconnection through detailed case analyses. These include inconsistent reference, excessive ellipsis, implicit logical relations, chaotic recurrence of cultural images, and broken chains of collocational meaning. The study argues that these problems stem primarily from the structural imbalance in converting the paratactic nature of Chinese into the hypotactic requirements of English, as well as the inherent difficulties in cross-cultural transmission of culture-specific items from the Tang Dynasty. Based on these findings, the paper proposes a set of optimization strategies—such as explicating reference, appropriately supplementing ellipsis, strengthening logical connectives, unifying and hierarchizing cultural images, and restoring collocational semantic fields—to enhance the discursive coherence and cultural communicative effectiveness of the subtitles, providing a reference for the subtitle translation of audiovisual works with similar historical and cultural themes and contributing to “going out” of Chinese cultural products.