“除了X还是X”构式的多维考察与形成机制

Multi-Dimensional Investigation and Formation Mechanism of the “Chule X Haishi X” Construction

摘要: 本文以构式语法理论为基础，系统考察现代汉语高频构式“除了X还是X”的形式特征、语义功能及认知机制。研究发现，该构式通过重复性结构实现主观极量表达，具有强能产性、贬义倾向及语境依赖性。其语义浮现源于“排除–强化”认知框架，通过“X”的同一性重复构建纯粹性、唯一性及单调性评价。与同类构式“除了X就是Y”等相比，该构式在主观性强度及信息容量上具有显著差异。本文进一步提出“固化–规约化模型”模型，解释其形成机制，为汉语构式研究提供新视角。

Abstract: Based on Construction Grammar Theory, this paper systematically investigates the formal features, semantic functions, and cognitive mechanisms of the high-frequency “Chule X Haishi X” construction in modern Chinese. The study finds that this construction realizes the expression of subjective extreme quantity through a repetitive structure, and possesses characteristics such as high productivity, a derogatory tendency, and context dependence. Its semantic emergence originates from the “exclusion-intensification” cognitive framework, and constructs evaluations of purity, uniqueness, and monotonicity through the identical repetition of “X”. Compared with similar constructions like “Chule X Jiushi Y” (“except X, it is Y”), this construction exhibits significant differences in terms of subjectivity intensity and information capacity. Furthermore, this paper proposes the “entrenchment-conventionalization model” to explain its formation mechanism, thereby providing a new perspective for the study of Chinese constructions.