于傅青主学术思想探析：从带脉调治阴挺

An Analysis of Fu Qingzhu’s Academic Thought: Regulating the Belt Vessel for the Treatment of Uterine Prolapse

摘要: 阴挺，相当于现代医学的“子宫脱垂”，是困扰中老年及产后妇女的常见慢性病。历代医家多从脾肾气虚、中气下陷论治，以补中益气汤为代表方剂。然而，清代妇科大家傅青主在其著作《傅青主女科》中，对此提出了独具慧眼的见解，创造性地将阴挺之病机与奇经八脉之“带脉”紧密联系，提出了“带脉失约，胞胎不固”的核心病机，并立“升提带脉”为根本大法，创立了完带汤等名方。本文旨在深入研读《傅青主女科》相关论述，系统梳理并探析傅青主从带脉论治阴挺的理论体系，阐释其“带脉下陷”、“带脉拘急”的双重病机观，解读其“补中寓升、升中兼疏”的治则特色，以期为现代临床治疗该病提供更丰富的理论依据和思路借鉴。

Abstract: Uterine prolapse (Yin Ting), corresponding to “uterine prolapse” in modern medicine, is a common chronic condition affecting middle-aged, elderly, and postpartum women. Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners often attribute its pathogenesis to Qi deficiency of the spleen and kidneys and sinking of middle Qi, typically treated with Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Boost Qi Decoction). However, Fu Qingzhu, a renowned gynecologist of the Qing Dynasty, offered unique insights in his work Fu Qingzhu’s Gynecology. He creatively linked the pathogenesis of uterine prolapse to the Belt Vessel (Dai Mai), one of the Eight Extraordinary Meridians, proposing “failure of the Belt Vessel to restrain” as the core mechanism and establishing “lifting and stabilizing the Belt Vessel” as the fundamental treatment principle. He formulated famous prescriptions such as Wan Dai Tang (Complete Belt Decoction). This paper aims to explore Fu Qingzhu’s theoretical system of treating uterine prolapse by regulating the Belt Vessel through an in-depth study of relevant discussions in Fu Qingzhu’s Gynecology. It analyzes his dual pathogenesis theory of “sinking of the Belt Vessel” and “constriction of the Belt Vessel”, interprets his treatment principles of “lifting while tonifying and dispersing while ascending”, and seeks to provide a richer theoretical basis and innovative ideas for modern clinical treatment of this condition.