SPEAKING模型下成都博物馆语言景观研究

Research on the Linguistic Landscape of Chengdu Museum under the SPEAKING Model

摘要: 语言景观作为公共空间语言使用的重要表征，不仅承担信息传递功能，更是文化身份、语言政策与权势关系的体现。本文以Hymes提出的SPEAKING交际模型为理论框架，结合实地采集的成都博物馆双语及多语标牌图像资料，从场景、参与者、目的、行为次序、基调、媒介、规范与体裁八个维度，系统分析成都博物馆语言景观的构建特征、功能实现与存在问题。研究发现，成都博物馆的语言景观在体现国际化与文化传承的同时，也存在译写不规范、语码选择不统一、互动性不足等问题。本文据此提出优化建议，以期为博物馆语言环境的提升与城市语言生态建设提供参考。

Abstract: As a significant manifestation of language use in public spaces, linguistic landscapes serve not only to convey information but also to reflect cultural identity, language policies, and power dynamics. Using Hymes’ SPEAKING communication model as a theoretical framework and drawing on bilingual and multilingual signage images collected from the Chengdu Museum, this study systematically analyzes the construction features, functional implementation, and existing issues of the museum’s linguistic landscape across eight dimensions: setting, participants, purpose, sequence of actions, tenor, medium, norms, and genre. The research reveals that while the linguistic landscape of the Chengdu Museum embodies both internationalization and cultural heritage, it also faces challenges such as non-standard translation, inconsistent code-switching, and insufficient interactivity. Based on these findings, this paper proposes optimization suggestions to provide insights for improving museum language environments and urban linguistic ecology development.