肺癌患者肠道菌群结构变化对免疫检查点抑制剂疗效的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Structure of Lung Cancer Patients on the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

摘要: 目的探讨肺癌患者肠道菌群结构变化对免疫检查点抑制剂疗效的影响。方法通过收集非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者及健康志愿者的粪便样本，采用高通量测序技术分析肠道菌群组成。结果显示，免疫检查点抑制剂治疗组患者肠道菌群多样性在治疗前显著降低，治疗后有所恢复，且与疗效呈正相关。特定有益菌丰度增加与疗效提升相关，而潜在致病菌丰度增加则与疗效不佳及毒副反应加剧有关。结论表明，肠道菌群结构变化是影响免疫检查点抑制剂疗效的重要因素。

Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of changes in the intestinal microbiota structure on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with lung cancer. Fecal samples were collected from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and healthy volunteers, and the composition of the intestinal microbiota was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the diversity of the intestinal microbiota in the immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment group was significantly reduced before treatment and recovered after treatment, and was positively correlated with the efficacy. An increase in the abundance of specific beneficial bacteria was associated with improved efficacy, while an increase in the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria was associated with poor efficacy and increased toxic and side effects. The conclusion indicates that changes in the intestinal microbiota structure are an important factor affecting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.