大学生心理创伤现状调查及心理健康教育对策研究

Investigation into the Current Status of Psychological Trauma among College Students and Research on Mental Health Education Strategies

摘要: 本研究旨在调查大学生心理创伤现状并提出干预建议。心理创伤指个体经极端压力事件后产生的持久性负面影响，常见类型包括儿童期创伤、急性创伤、复杂性创伤及网络创伤等，表现多样，如情绪、认知、行为和生理方面的异常。通过整群抽样调查大学137名学生，发现43.8%学生经历过创伤事件，以遭受身体攻击等居多。症状方面，侵入性症状和认知改变症状较严重，PCL-5总分阳性率高，反刍思维和神经质人格与症状相关。据此提出四点建议：关注创伤经历和症状，进行分层干预；引导积极思维，减少反刍；开展情绪稳定性技术培训；建立健全同伴–家长–学校支持系统，完善社会支持网络，以促进大学生心理健康。

Abstract: The current study aimed to investigate psychological trauma among college students and put forward intervention suggestions. Psychological trauma refers to the persistent negative impact generated in individuals after experiencing extreme stress events. Common types include childhood trauma, acute trauma, complex trauma, cyber trauma, etc., and its manifestations are diverse, such as abnormal emotions, cognition, behavior, and physiology. Through cluster sampling to survey 137 students in our university, it was found that 43.8% of the students have experienced traumatic events, primarily including being physically attacked, etc. In terms of symptoms, the invasive symptoms and cognitive change symptoms are more serious, and the total score of PCL-5 is high. Ruminative thinking and neurotic personality are related to the symptoms. Based on this, four suggestions are put forward: paying attention to traumatic experiences and symptoms and conducting stratified interventions; guiding positive thinking and reducing ruminative thinking; carrying out emotional stability technical training; establishing and improving the peer-parent-school support system and perfecting the social support network to promote the mental health of college students.