康德“先验统觉”的综合统一性原理——基于康德第二版先验演绎文本

The Principle of Synthetic Unity of Kant’s “Transcendental Apperception”—Based on the Text of Kant’s Transcendental Deduction in the Second Edition

摘要: “先验统觉”在康德的哲学思想上占用重要地位，其关于“先验统觉”的论述集中体现在《纯粹理性批判》一书“纯粹知性的先验演绎”部分，在第二版论证中，“先验统觉”既是知性先验演绎的逻辑起点，也是知性运用的最高原则，本文将尝试以康德第二版先验演绎文本为依托，从“先验统觉”与联结、直观的关系，以及综合统一性与客观统一性的关系等方面阐述康德“先验统觉”的综合统一性原理，进一步明确先验统觉在康德认识论中的核心地位。

Abstract: “Transcendental apperception” occupies an important position in Kant’s philosophical thought. His discussions on “transcendental apperception” are mainly concentrated in the “Transcendental Deduction of the Pure Understanding” section of the book Critique of Pure Reason. In the argument of the second edition, “transcendental apperception” is not only the logical starting point of the transcendental deduction of the understanding, but also the highest principle for the application of the understanding. Relying on the text of Kant’s transcendental deduction in the second edition, this paper attempts to elaborate on the principle of synthetic unity of Kant’s “transcendental apperception” from the following aspects: the relationship between “transcendental apperception” and combination, the relationship between “transcendental apperception” and intuition, and the relationship between synthetic unity and objective unity, so as to further clarify the core position of transcendental apperception in Kant’s epistemology.