施用不同有机肥对高标准农田土壤理化性质及微生物活性影响研究

Study on the Effects of Applying Different Organic Fertilizers on the Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Activity of High-Standard Farmland Soil

摘要: 本研究通过盆栽试验，系统探究了基于高标准农田土壤，施用三元复合肥、生态复活素水溶肥与液体有机肥对土壤性质、微生物活性的影响。结果表明，三元复合肥虽能高效供应速效磷、钾，但会显著降低土壤pH，生态复活素水溶肥在维持土壤酸碱平衡方面效果最好，液体有机肥则能极显著地增加土壤有机质，激发土壤微生物的氮、磷转化功能。本研究揭示了不同类型肥料在土壤–作物系统中的独特作用机制，为农业生产中根据目标进行肥料的科学选用与配施提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导。

Abstract: This study systematically investigated the effects of applying ternary compound fertilizer, ecological revival water-soluble fertilizer, and liquid organic fertilizer on soil properties and microbial activity in high-standard farmland soil through pot experiments. The results showed that while ternary compound fertilizer efficiently supplied available phosphorus and potassium, it significantly reduced soil pH. The ecological revival water-soluble fertilizer demonstrated the best performance in maintaining soil acid-base balance, whereas liquid organic fertilizer markedly increased soil organic matter and stimulated the nitrogen and phosphorus transformation functions of soil microorganisms. This study reveals the unique mechanisms of different types of fertilizers in the soil-crop system, providing an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the scientific selection and combination of fertilizers in agricultural production based on specific objectives.