巴哈赛车转向系统的设计及优化

Design and Optimization of the Steering System for Baja Racing Vehicles

摘要: 中国汽车工程学会巴哈大赛已经举办8届。本赛事以其专业性﹑竞技性﹑应用性及观赏性为全国各本科及职业院校所重视。为设计一辆合格的赛车，其转向系统至关重要，其稳定状态会影响赛车的操控性能。本文工作针对赛事规则，设计一巴哈赛车的转向系统，使用ANSYS对梯形机构进行力学分析。并对转向机构的几何参数进行优化。模拟结果显示，本巴哈赛车材料及结构选择合理。可以应对崎岖路面﹑紧急制动及车辆滑移三种状态。通过对梯形结构的修改，实际阿克曼曲线更加贴合理论曲线。

Abstract: The Baja SAE China Competition, organized by the Society of Automotive Engineers of China, has been held for eight editions. This event is highly valued by undergraduate and vocational colleges across the country for its professionalism, competitiveness, applicability, and entertainment value. To design a qualified race car, the steering system is crucial, as its stability directly affects the vehicle’s handling performance. This paper, in accordance with the competition rules, designs a steering system for a Baja race car and conducts a mechanical analysis of the trapezoidal mechanism. The geometric parameters of the steering mechanism are also optimized. Simulation results indicate that the material and structural choices for this Baja race car are rational, allowing it to handle rough terrain, emergency braking, and vehicle slipping. By modifying the trapezoidal structure, the actual Ackermann curve is brought closer to the theoretical curve.