东亚地区黑碳气溶胶源解析技术的应用
Application of Black Carbon Aerosol Source Apportionment Techniques in East Asia
DOI: 10.12677/ojns.2025.136128, PDF,   
作者: 姜坦廷：哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨
关键词: 黑碳；源解析技术；东亚地区；Black Carbon； Source Apportionment Techniques； East Asia
摘要: 黑碳气溶胶作为大气颗粒物中的重要组分，对区域空气质量、人体健康以及全球气候变化均具有显著影响。东亚地区作为全球重要的黑碳排放区，其源解析研究对于制定有效的污染减排策略和进行气候效应评估具有重要意义。本文介绍了目前广泛应用于东亚地区的黑碳源解析技术，包括但不限于基于放射性碳同位素14C的化石燃料与生物质燃烧源识别方法，以及结合光学特性、分子标志物和受体模型的多技术联用策略。总结了处于东亚地区城市的源解析技术研究应用实例，总结了最新研究结论。重点关注源成分谱建立、技术成本、时空分辨率以及模型不确定性等方面面临的挑战。最后，对未来东亚地区黑碳源解析研究的发展方向进行展望，包括构建区域协同观测网络与标准化源谱体系，发展多维融合解析框架，强化源解析结果的政策转化应用。建议通过多技术、多模型和多区域的协同研究，更加精准和系统地进行黑碳源解析，为黑碳区域协同治理和气候变化应对提供科学支持。
Abstract: As an important component of atmospheric particulate matter, Black Carbon (BC) aerosols exert significant impacts on regional air quality, human health, and global climate change. East Asia, as one of the major BC emission regions worldwide, has become a key area for source apportionment research, which provides critical scientific support for developing effective emission reduction strategies and assessing climate effects. This paper reviews the main BC source apportionment techniques currently applied in East Asia, including the radiocarbon 14C-based method for distinguishing fossil fuel and biomass burning sources, as well as integrated multi-approach strategies combining optical properties, molecular markers, and receptor models. Representative studies conducted in East Asian cities are summarized, highlighting recent progress and key findings. Particular attention is given to challenges related to source profile establishment, analytical cost, spatiotemporal resolution, and model uncertainty. Finally, future research directions are proposed, emphasizing the establishment of a regional collaborative observation network and standardized source profiles, the development of multidimensional data-fusion frameworks, and the enhancement of policy-oriented applications of source apportionment results. It is recommended to conduct more accurate and systematic analysis of black carbon sources apportionment collaborative research involving multiple technologies, models, and regions, so as to provide scientific support for the coordinated governance of black carbon regions and the response to climate change.
文章引用：姜坦廷. 东亚地区黑碳气溶胶源解析技术的应用[J]. 自然科学, 2025, 13(6): 1229-1235. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojns.2025.136128

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