黄金矿山的深井开采高温环境问题措施及展望

High-Temperature Challenges and Prospects in Deep Gold Mining

摘要: 黄金矿山开采中的高温热害严重威胁矿山安全与效率。本文针对黄金矿山，分析了围岩、设备、涌水等主要热源，阐述了热辐射、传导与对流复合换热机制，最后针对不同热源问题讨论不同方法效果。研究针对热源问题提出了“疏、堵、降、保、优”的综合治理策略，涵盖隔热、通风、制冷、个体防护及废热利用等技术。结论指出，未来需通过系统化、精准化与绿色化的技术集成，构建黄金矿山经济高效的降温体系，以实现深部黄金资源的安全绿色开发。

Abstract: High-temperature heat hazards in gold mining pose serious threats to mine safety and operational efficiency. This study focuses on gold mines, analyzing major heat sources including surrounding rock, equipment, and water inflow, while elucidating the compound heat exchange mechanisms of thermal radiation, conduction, and convection. Corresponding mitigation approaches for different heat sources are discussed. An integrated management strategy of “diversion, blockage, reduction, protection, and optimization” is proposed, incorporating technologies such as thermal insulation, ventilation, cooling systems, personal protection, and waste heat utilization. The study concludes that future development requires systematic, precise, and green technological integration to establish an economically efficient cooling system for gold mines, ensuring safe and sustainable exploitation of deep gold resources.