呼出气一氧化氮在学龄儿童哮喘诊疗中的价值
The Value of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma in School-Age Children
摘要: 哮喘是儿童常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病，气道炎症是其核心病理特征。呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)作为一种重要的非侵入性生物标志物，在评估气道炎症方面具有重要价值。本综述旨在整合当前证据，探讨FeNO在学龄儿童哮喘诊断与治疗管理中的临床价值。文中系统阐述了FeNO的生理基础与测量方法，指出FeNO作为传统诊疗手段的有效补充工具，不仅有助于提升学龄儿童哮喘的诊断准确性，也能较好地预测患儿对吸入性糖皮质激素的治疗反应，并为个体化治疗方案的调整提供了客观依据，但是，FeNO的最佳诊断阈值仍需进一步明确，其结果解读也需关注共患病的影响，其在哮喘治疗管理中的应用价值还需更多研究证明。未来应致力于建立标准化的、针对特定年龄的阈值，并构建多指标的预测模型，以促进儿童哮喘个体化治疗。
Abstract: Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children, with airway inflammation serving as its core pathological feature. As an important non-invasive biomarker, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) holds significant value in assessing airway inflammation. This review aims to synthesize current evidence and explore the clinical utility of FeNO in the diagnosis and management of asthma in school-age children. It systematically elaborates on the physiological basis and measurement techniques of FeNO, highlighting its role as a complementary tool to conventional diagnostic methods. FeNO not only aids in improving diagnostic accuracy for asthma in school-age children but also effectively predicts treatment response to inhaled corticosteroids and provides an objective basis for adjusting individualized treatment regimens. However, the optimal diagnostic threshold for FeNO requires further clarification, and the interpretation of its results must consider the impact of comorbidities. Additionally, its application value in asthma management warrants more research validation. Future efforts should focus on establishing standardized, age-specific FeNO thresholds and developing integrated predictive models to advance personalized treatment for childhood asthma.
文章引用：梅诗逸, 代继宏. 呼出气一氧化氮在学龄儿童哮喘诊疗中的价值[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(11): 964-972. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15113180

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