冠心病寒凝血瘀证动物模型评价及中医药研究进展

Evaluation of Animal Models of Cold Agglutination and Blood Stasis Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease and Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘要: 冠心病是严重威胁人类健康的常见心血管疾病，在中医学中常归属于“胸痹”范畴，其中寒凝血瘀证是其重要证型之一。为深入研究该证型的发病机制及中医药干预作用，近年来构建了多种寒凝血瘀动物模型，常通过寒冷刺激联合高脂饲料、全身冷冻的复合方式等方法诱导，成功模拟了寒凝血瘀病理特征，但仍存在很多缺陷，如现代医学及病理学的模型制备方式不符合中医理论发展规律，缺乏客观、规范的中医药评价指标，动物模型自身局限性，其治疗方案多在血瘀证治疗上加减，或对经典名方进行加减用来治疗冠心病寒凝血瘀。未来研究应进一步完善动物模型，深入探讨中医药治疗冠心病寒凝血瘀证的分子机制，为临床治疗提供更可靠的科学依据。

Abstract: Coronary heart disease is a common cardiovascular disease that seriously threatens human health and is often classified as “chest pain” in traditional Chinese medicine. Among them, cold agglutination and blood stasis syndrome is one of the important syndrome types. To deeply study the pathogenesis of this syndrome type and the intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine, various animal models of cold agglutination and blood stasis have been established in recent years. These models are often induced by combined methods such as cold stimulation and high-fat diet, or whole-body freezing, successfully simulating the pathological characteristics of cold agglutination and blood stasis. However, there are still many deficiencies, such as the model preparation methods in modern medicine and pathology not conforming to the development laws of traditional Chinese medicine theory, the lack of objective and standardized evaluation indicators for traditional Chinese medicine, the inherent limitations of animal models, and the treatment plans mostly being modifications of blood stasis syndrome treatment or the addition and subtraction of classic prescriptions to treat cold agglutination and blood stasis in coronary heart disease. Future research should further improve animal models, deeply explore the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating cold agglutination and blood stasis syndrome in coronary heart disease, and provide a more reliable scientific basis for clinical treatment.