医学生生涯规划观念与影响因素分析

Analysis of Career Planning Perspectives and Influencing Factors among Medical Students

摘要: 调查不同年级医学本科生在生涯规划认知、专业认知度、考研与就业意向及其影响因素方面是否存在差异，以提供符合各年级段学生需求的生涯规划建议。对909位医学本科生进行问卷调查，结果显示：医学本科生普遍以考研为首选，但仍有21.57%处于迷茫状态；年级越高，专业认知度越强(χ² = 24.86, p = 0.016)，且专业认知度与生涯规划清晰度显著相关(χ² = 19.157, p = 0.004)。基于分析结果，本研究提出应构建分阶段、精准化的生涯教育体系，将生涯规划覆盖学生的不同成长阶段，以提升医学生职业规划的科学性与实效性。

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the differences in career planning awareness, professional identity, intentions regarding pursuing postgraduate studies or employment, and their influencing factors among medical undergraduates at different academic levels. The goal was to provide tailored career guidance that meets the specific needs of students in each grade. A questionnaire survey was administered to 909 medical undergraduates. The results indicated that pursuing postgraduate studies was the predominant choice among participants; however, 21.57% remained uncertain about their career path. Higher academic levels were associated with a stronger professional identity (χ² = 24.86, p = 0.016), which was significantly correlated with greater clarity in career planning (χ² = 19.157, p = 0.004). Based on these findings, this study proposes the establishment of a stage-specific and targeted career education system. This system should cover different stages of student development to enhance the scientific basis and effectiveness of career planning for medical students.