早期三阴性乳腺癌患者免疫治疗相关不良反应与预后关系

Relationship between Immunotherapy-Related Adverse Events and Prognosis in Patients with Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

摘要: 本文综述了早期三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者在接受免疫治疗过程中出现的不良反应与预后之间的关系。三阴性乳腺癌是一种侵袭性较强的乳腺癌亚型，缺乏雌激素受体、孕激素受体和HER2蛋白的表达，因此不能使用激素治疗或靶向HER2的治疗。免疫治疗，尤其是免疫检查点抑制剂，为这类患者提供了新的治疗选择。文章首先概述了免疫治疗在三阴性乳腺癌中的应用。接着，文章重点分析了不良反应与患者预后之间的关系。研究显示，某些免疫治疗相关的不良反应可能与更好的治疗反应和更长的生存期相关。文章还讨论了有免疫相关不良事件患者预后更好的可能原因。最后，文章指出了认识这一现象对临床工作的参考及改进意义。并探讨了未来的研究方向。综上所述，本文为临床医生提供了关于早期三阴性乳腺癌患者免疫治疗相关不良反应与预后关系的全面概述，并强调了合理管理不良反应的重要性，以期提高治疗效果和患者的生活质量。

Abstract: This review summarizes the relationship between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and prognosis in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) undergoing immunotherapy. TNBC is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 protein expression, rendering it unresponsive to hormonal or HER2-targeted therapies. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has emerged as a novel therapeutic option for this group of patients. The article first provides an overview of the application of immunotherapy in TNBC. It then focuses on analyzing the correlation between immune-related adverse events and patient prognosis. Studies have shown that certain irAEs may be associated with better treatment responses and longer survival. The article further explores potential mechanisms underlying the improved prognosis observed in patients who experience irAEs. Finally, it discusses the clinical implications of understanding this phenomenon and its significance for improving patient care. Future research directions are also proposed. In summary, this review offers clinicians a comprehensive overview of the relationship between immunotherapy-related adverse events and prognosis in early-stage TNBC patients and emphasizes the importance of managing irAEs effectively to enhance treatment outcomes and patient quality of life.