软硬件协同的射频振荡器教学实践研究——基于Multisim的LC振荡电路仿真与实验验证

Research on Teaching Practice of Software-Hardware Cooperative Radio Frequency Oscillator—Simulation and Experimental Verification of LC Oscillating Circuit Based on Multisim

摘要: 针对射频电路课程中LC振荡器理论抽象、实践脱节及工程思维培养不足的问题，本文提出“问题驱动–仿真探究–实验验证–优化拓展”的软硬件协同教学方案。以考毕兹、Clapp、Seiler振荡器为案例，通过Multisim仿真与硬件实验联动，系统解析电路演进逻辑：考毕兹电路因寄生参数导致频率误差达64.8%，Clapp电路串联小电容(C₃ = 10 pF)将误差降至3.1%，Seiler电路并联电容(C₄ = 10 pF)使幅度波动降低42%。教学实践表明，该方案显著提升学生对理论的理解深度、实践能力及创新设计能力。学生反馈与成效评估证实，该方法有效破解了振荡器教学中的抽象性难题，为射频电路“理论–实践–创新”融合教学提供了可复用范式。

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of abstract theory, disconnection between practice and insufficient cultivation of engineering thinking in the teaching of LC oscillators in radio frequency circuit courses, this paper proposes a software - hardware cooperative teaching scheme of “problem-driven - simulation exploration - experimental verification - optimization and expansion”. Taking Colpitts, Clapp and Seiler oscillators as cases, through the linkage of Multisim simulation and hardware experiments, the evolutionary logic of the circuits is systematically analyzed: the Colpitts circuit has a frequency error of 64.8% due to parasitic parameters, the Clapp circuit reduces the error to 3.1% by connecting a small capacitor (C₃ = 10 pF) in series, and the Seiler circuit reduces the amplitude fluctuation by 42% by connecting an additional capacitor (C₄ = 10 pF) in parallel. Teaching practice shows that this scheme significantly improves students’ depth of understanding of theory, practical ability and innovative design ability. Student feedback and effect evaluation confirm that this method effectively solves the problem of abstractness in oscillator teaching and provides a reusable paradigm for the integration of “theory-practice-innovation” in radio frequency circuit teaching.