量度反义复合词的语法化和功能性同义

Grammaticalization and Functional Synonymy of Measurement Antonym Compounds

摘要: 量度反义复合词是具有量度形容词性质的反义复合词，具有较高的语法化水平。本文借助概念整合理论及转喻、隐喻机制探讨量度反义复合词在语法化过程中的同义化趋势。研究发现，量度反义复合词之间具有功能性同义的特征，可以被细分为“语素相近型”同义、“语用等价型”同义和“范畴并入型”同义三种类型，对应着从低到高的语法化水平。量度反义复合词的同义性与词义延展能力密切相关，受到直观性、对称性、身体经验等因素的影响，其中“高低”的词义延展性尤为显著。

Abstract: Measurement Antonym Compounds are antonymous compounds with the properties of gradable adjectives and exhibit a high degree of grammaticalization. Drawing on Conceptual Blending Theory as well as metonymic and metaphorical mechanisms, this paper investigates the tendency toward synonymization in the grammaticalization process of Measurement Antonym Compounds. The study finds that Measurement Antonym Compounds display features of Functional Synonymy, which can be further subdivided into three types: “morpheme-proximal” synonymy, “pragmatically equivalent” synonymy, and “category-merging” synonymy, corresponding to grammaticalization levels from lower to higher. The Functional Synonymy of Measurement Antonym Compounds is closely related to their semantic extension capacity and is influenced by factors such as perceptibility, symmetry, and bodily experience, among which the semantic extensibility of “high-low” is particularly prominent.