基于三次样条插值法的平原河网地区灌溉站点水电转换模型研究——以江苏姜堰区为例

Research on Water-Electricity Conversion Model of Irrigation Station in Plain River Network Areas Based on the Cubic Spline Interpolation Method—Taking Jiangyan District, Jiangsu Province as an Example

摘要: 国家推进农村水价综合改革下，平原河网地区灌溉用水精准计量是落实水资源刚性管控的关键。针对灌溉站点水量计量设施覆盖率低、精确度低、设备安装维护成本高等问题，亟待高效、成本低、精准度高的计量解决方案。本文结合平原河网地区典型代表江苏姜堰区灌溉特点，揭示平原河网地区泵站“扬程低、效率波动大”的特征，提出“以电折水”方案。分析其灌溉站点水量和电量运行数据，水量–电量关系呈非线性三次函数特征，构建基于插值法的灌溉站点水电转换模型并进行具体验证。验证结果表明，模型在周山河灌区的平均误差率降至0.3%，溱潼灌区降至0.1%，较传统固定系数法精度有效提升；同时依托现有“专变专表”设施，较超声波流量计方案节省成本超千万元，实现电灌站全覆盖。该模型为平原河网地区提供了“高精度、低成本、广覆盖”的计量方案，直接支撑农业水价改革中“总量控制、定额管理”落地，可为同类地区灌溉计量提供技术参考。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the national advancement of comprehensive rural water pricing reform, accurate metering of irrigation water in plain river network areas is pivotal to enforcing rigid water resource management. To address the prominent issues in irrigation stations—including low coverage of water metering facilities, poor metering accuracy, and high costs of equipment installation and maintenance—there is an urgent need for efficient, low-cost, and high-precision metering solutions. Taking Jiangyan District, Jiangsu Province, a typical representative of plain river network areas, as the study case, this research identifies the characteristics of pumping stations in such regions, namely “low head and significant fluctuations in efficiency”. In line with national water metering standards, a “water conversion by electricity” scheme is proposed. Through analyzing operational data on water volume and electricity consumption at irrigation stations, it is revealed that the water-electricity relationship exhibits nonlinear cubic function characteristics. Based on this finding, a water-electricity conversion model for irrigation stations using interpolation methods is constructed, validated, and optimized. Validation results demonstrate that the model reduces the average error rate to 0.3% in the Zhoushanhe Irrigation District and 0.1% in the Qintong Irrigation District, representing a significant improvement in accuracy compared to the traditional fixed coefficient method. Meanwhile, leveraging existing “dedicated transformer and dedicated meter” facilities, the model achieves full coverage of electric irrigation stations while saving over 10 million yuan in costs compared to ultrasonic flowmeter-based schemes. This model provides a “high-precision, low-cost, and wide-coverage” metering solution for plain river network areas, directly supporting the implementation of “total quantity control and quota management” in agricultural water pricing reform and offering technical references for irrigation metering in similar regions.