细菌中2-4译码器基因电路设计研究

A Study on the Design and Implementation of a 2-to-4 Decoder Genetic Circuit in Bacteria

摘要: 随着合成生物学与生物计算的快速发展，利用生物系统实现逻辑运算与信息处理已成为研究热点。本文基于合成生物学方法，设计并构建了一种在细菌中实现的2-4译码器基因电路。该电路以两种化学分子(IPTG与aTc)作为输入信号，通过CRISPR/dCas9抑制系统与DNA重组酶(Cre/loxP)的协同作用，实现2-4译码器的功能。实验采用分子克隆技术构建基因电路，并通过红色荧光蛋白验证其功能。该2-4译码器在四种输入组合下均能实现与真值表一致的输出，展现出生物系统在低功耗、高并行性及生物兼容性方面的优势。本研究为构建更复杂的生物计算系统奠定了基础，在智能药物递送、环境监测及细胞编程等领域具有应用潜力。

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of synthetic biology and biological computing, the use of biological systems to perform logical operations and information processing has become a prominent research focus. Using synthetic biology approaches, this study designed and constructed a 2-to-4 decoder genetic circuit implemented in bacteria. The circuit utilizes two chemical molecules, IPTG and aTc, as input signals, and employs a synergistic combination of the CRISPR/dCas9 repression system and DNA recombinases (Cre/loxP) to achieve the functionality of a 2-to-4 decoder. The genetic circuit was constructed using molecular cloning techniques, and its function was verified through the expression of red fluorescent protein. The 2-to-4 decoder produced outputs consistent with the truth table under all four input combinations, demonstrating advantages of biological systems such as low power consumption, high parallelism, and biocompatibility. This work lays a foundation for the development of more complex biological computing systems and shows potential for applications in intelligent drug delivery, environmental monitoring, and cell programming.