成本控制策略在水利工程中的应用

The Application of Cost Control Strategies in Water Conservancy Projects

摘要: 本研究以北京市北运河管理处为典型案例，基于全生命周期理论与数据驱动方法，系统分析了水利工程运维成本控制中的关键问题与优化路径。针对成本结构失衡、核算精度不足、技术赋能滞后等现实痛点，提出了构建动态化成本模型、强化技术驱动的降本增效机制、完善监管与风险防控体系三大策略。通过整合物联网监测数据与历史成本信息，建立基于机器学习的成本预测模型，实现预算的动态调整与应急储备金的精准计提；依托“云–网–端”一体化监控系统，提升设备故障预警能力，推动智能化巡检替代传统人工巡检；结合标准化运维体系与跨部门协同机制，有效减少资源重复投入。研究结果表明，上述策略能够显著提升资金使用效率，为水利工程的长效运行提供科学决策支持，对推动水利行业向智能化、绿色化转型具有重要的实践价值。

Abstract: Taking the Beijing North Canal Management Office as a case study, this research systematically analyzes the core issues and optimization strategies of operation and maintenance (O & M) cost control in water conservancy projects based on full life cycle theory and data-driven approaches. Targeting challenges such as cost structure imbalance, low accuracy, and insufficient technological empowerment, three key strategies are proposed: constructing a dynamic cost model, strengthening technology-driven cost reduction and efficiency improvement mechanisms, and improving the regulatory and risk control system. By integrating IoT monitoring data and historical cost information, a machine learning-based cost prediction model was established to achieve dynamic budget adjustments and accurate allocation of emergency reserves. The “cloud-network-terminal” monitoring system enhances equipment fault prediction, reducing reliance on manual inspections. Standardized maintenance systems and interdepartmental collaboration further minimize resource redundancy. Results demonstrate that these strategies significantly improve capital efficiency, providing scientific support for sustainable engineering operations and advancing the intelligent and green transformation of the water conservancy sector.