“超重和失重”教学中思政元素的挖掘与融合实践研究

Research on the Exploration and Integration Practice of Ideological and Political Elements in the Teaching of “Overweight and Weightlessness”

摘要: 本文以高中物理“超重和失重”教学为例，探索课程思政的创新实践。通过挖掘科学精神、家国情怀与航天精神等思政元素，构建“生活情境导入–实验探究验证–航天案例升华”三阶教学模式，将电梯实验、PhyPhox传感器测量等探究活动与“中国空间站”等航天案例有机融合。教学实践表明，该设计有效促进了三维目标的协同发展。在科学素养方面，学生通过实验探究培养了严谨求真的科学态度；在家国情怀方面，借助航天成就增强了科技自信与民族认同；在意志品质方面，通过突破教学难点磨砺了探索精神。学生不仅深入理解了物理规律，掌握了科学探究方法，更激发了科技报国的使命感和民族自豪感。本研究为理科课程思政提供了可行范式，证实了物理教学在落实立德树人根本任务中的独特价值，对推动课程思政建设具有参考意义。

Abstract: Taking the teaching of “overweight and weightlessness” in high school physics as an example, this paper explores innovative practices in ideological and political education. By excavating ideological and political elements such as scientific spirit, national pride and spirit of space exploration, a three-stage teaching model of “life situation introduction - experimental inquiry verification - aerospace case sublimation” is constructed, organically integrating inquiry activities such as elevator experiments and PhyPhox sensor measurements with aerospace cases like “China Space Station”. Teaching practice shows that this design effectively promotes the coordinated development of three-dimensional objectives. In terms of scientific literacy, students cultivate rigorous and truthful scientific attitudes through experimental inquiry; in terms of national pride, they enhance scientific confidence and national identity through aerospace achievements; in terms of will quality, they develop exploratory spirit by overcoming teaching difficulties. Students not only gain a deep understanding of physical laws and master scientific inquiry methods, but also stimulate a sense of mission to serve the country through science and technology and national pride. This study provides a feasible paradigm for ideological and political education in science courses, demonstrating the unique value of physics teaching in implementing the fundamental task of moral education, and has reference significance for promoting the construction of ideological and political education in courses.