青少年自杀问题的生理与药物治疗：综合干预策略
Physiological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adolescent Suicide: Comprehensive Intervention Strategies
摘要: 青少年自杀是当前全球面临的重大公共健康挑战，亟需多学科协作的综合干预。本文系统回顾了生理与药物两种治疗方式在预防和干预青少年自杀中的应用与效果。研究发现，对于伴有严重自杀意念的抑郁青少年，改良电休克治疗能快速缓解症状，有效率在60%至80%之间，但其认知功能影响需密切关注；而无创的重复经颅磁刺激技术通过作用于前额叶背外侧区，也能显著降低自杀风险，且不良反应较轻。在药物方面，SSRIs类(如氟西汀、艾司西酞普兰)能有效减轻自杀意念，但需注意用药初期可能出现的激越反应；非典型抗精神病药物(如喹硫平)则对双相抑郁相关的自杀行为展现出独特的治疗价值。
Abstract: Adolescent suicide poses a significant global public health challenge that urgently requires multidisciplinary collaborative interventions. This paper systematically reviews the application and effectiveness of both physiological and pharmacological treatments in preventing and intervening in adolescent suicide. The study finds that for depressed adolescents with severe suicidal ideation, modified electroconvulsive therapy can rapidly alleviate symptoms, with an effectiveness rate ranging from 60% to 80%, though its impact on cognitive function requires close monitoring. Meanwhile, the non-invasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation technique, by targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, can also significantly reduce suicide risk with relatively mild adverse effects. In terms of pharmacological interventions, SSRIs (such as fluoxetine and escitalopram) can effectively reduce suicidal ideation, but attention must be paid to potential agitation during the initial medication phase. Atypical antipsychotic drugs (such as quetiapine) demonstrate unique therapeutic value for suicide behaviors associated with bipolar depression.
文章引用：汪瑞 (2025). 青少年自杀问题的生理与药物治疗：综合干预策略. 心理学进展, 15(11), 320-326. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.1511607

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