半导体供应链的脆弱性研究分析

The Research and Analysis on the Vulnerability of Semiconductor Supply Chain

摘要: 本研究基于已公开供应链数据对国内半导体行业的相关公司构建供应链网络模型，使用复杂网络理论，分析网络的拓扑特性，确认网络中的关键节点，通过移除供应链网络节点的方式模拟蓄意攻击和随机攻击两种不确定风险事件，据此分析供应链的脆弱性。最终得出结论：半导体供应链网络整体呈现出“小世界”特征；核心企业大多分布于产业链的中游，分布具有集群效应，且核心企业的资本实力更强；网络在关键节点受到攻击时表现出更大的脆弱性，因此核心企业在维持供应链的稳定性方面起到不可或缺的作用。

Abstract: This study constructs a supply chain network model for relevant companies in the domestic semiconductor industry based on publicly available supply chain data. Using complex network theory, the study analyzes the network’s topological characteristics and identifies key nodes within the network. By removing nodes from the supply chain network, the study simulates two types of uncertain risk events: deliberate attacks and random attacks. The analysis is then used to assess the vulnerability of the supply chain. The conclusion drawn is as follows: The semiconductor supply chain network overall exhibits a “small-world” characteristic; core enterprises are mostly distributed in the midstream of the industry chain, with a clustering effect in their distribution, and these core enterprises have stronger capital strength. The network shows greater vulnerability when key nodes are attacked, indicating that core enterprises play an indispensable role in maintaining the stability of the supply chain.