基于时频融合与故障频率特征提取的智能诊断技术应用

Application of Intelligent Diagnosis Technology Based on Time-Frequency Fusion and Fault Frequency Feature Extraction

摘要: 通过有线振动传感器和无线智能巡检仪对工业现场设备的运行状况进行实时状态监测和重点巡检采集。将采集到的设备运行时的振动值与国际振动标准ISO10816-3所定义的阈值进行对比，判断设备此时的运行状况，同时基于故障机理大模型实现对采集到的异常数据智能判别出诊断结果。具体应用过程是将不同类型的振动传感器，如压电加速度传感器、速度传感器、电涡流位移传感器、光电转速传感器等分别以接触式和非接触式安装在旋转机械上，用以采集原始振动波形并通过边缘计算智能化处理呈现为振动时域波形图。同时在故障诊断系统感知应用层进行快速傅里叶变换，将时域波形转换为频谱图。在时域波形图和频谱图中进行特征提取，得到有效值、峭度指标等有量纲参数、无量纲参数以及设备信息等参数，结合旋转机械不同故障的特性机理，最终快速并精准地判断旋转机械故障产生的原因和位置。

Abstract: Through the wired vibration sensor and wireless intelligent inspection instrument, the real-time condition monitoring and key inspection collection of the operation status of the industrial field equipment are carried out. The vibration value of the collected equipment during operation is compared with the threshold defined by the international vibration standard ISO10816-3 to judge the operation status of the equipment at this time. At the same time, based on the large model of the fault mechanism, the collected abnormal data is intelligently identified. The specific application process is to install different types of vibration sensors, such as piezoelectric acceleration sensors, speed sensors, eddy current displacement sensors, photoelectric speed sensors, etc. on rotating machinery in contact and non-contact respectively, to collect the original vibration waveform and present it as a vibration time domain waveform through intelligent processing of edge calculation. At the same time, the fast Fourier transform is performed on the sensing application layer of the fault diagnosis system to convert the time domain waveform into the spectrum diagram. Feature extraction is performed in the time domain waveform and spectrum diagram to obtain dimensionless parameters such as effective value and kurtosis index, dimensionless parameters, and equipment information. Combined with the characteristics and mechanisms of different faults of rotating machinery, the causes and locations of rotating machinery faults are quickly and accurately judged.