考虑配送不确定性的跨境电商物流网格点选址研究

Research on the Location Selection of Cross-Border E-Commerce Logistics Grid Points Considering Distribution Uncertainty

摘要: 为了提升商品的配送效率、降低配送不确定性带来的成本波动，提出了一种考虑配送不确定性的跨境电商物流网格点选址方法。以物流网格点的建设成本、运营成本及配送延误惩罚成本最小化为目标函数，基于网格点配送能力、待建网格点数量等约束条件，构建含有动态配送调度中心的跨境电商物流网格点选址数学模型；利用改进粒子群算法求解数学模型，获取总成本最小的跨境电商物流网格点选址结果。测试结果表明，该方法可以实现跨境电商物流网格点的合理选址，动态调度中心与物流网格点协同运作，网格点数量及分布位置适应配送需求波动，各网格点均能够应对当日配送不确定性，从而提升跨境电商物流配送的稳定性与效率。

Abstract: In order to enhance the efficiency of commodity delivery and reduce cost fluctuations caused by delivery uncertainties, a method for selecting cross-border e-commerce logistics grid points considering delivery uncertainties is proposed. Taking the minimization of construction cost, operational cost, and delivery delay penalty cost of logistics grid points as the objective function, and based on constraints such as grid point delivery capacity and the number of grid points to be built, a mathematical model for the selection of cross-border e-commerce logistics grid points with a dynamic delivery scheduling center is constructed. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to solve the mathematical model, obtaining the optimal location of cross-border e-commerce logistics grid points with the minimum total cost. Test results show that this method can achieve reasonable location selection for cross-border e-commerce logistics grid points, with the dynamic scheduling center and logistics grid points operating in coordination. The number and distribution of grid points adapt to fluctuations in delivery demand, and each grid point is capable of handling daily delivery uncertainties, thereby enhancing the stability and efficiency of cross-border e-commerce logistics delivery.