Re掺杂PtNi金属气凝胶及其氧还原性能研究
Research on Rhenium-Doped PtNi Metal Aerogel for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction
DOI: 10.12677/japc.2025.144059, PDF,   
作者: 任美欣, 何乡帅, 贾子萱, 古晓琳, 李 波*：河南工业大学化学化工学院，河南 郑州；肖建军, 雷红红：河南省金属燃料电池重点实验室，河南 郑州；郑州佛光发电设备股份有限公司，河南 郑州；郑远远*：河南工业大学化学化工学院，河南 郑州；河南省金属燃料电池重点实验室，河南 郑州
关键词: 金属气凝胶；合金；电催化；氧还原；Metal Aerogel； Alloy； Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
摘要: 质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)作为高效清洁的能源，其应用受限于阴极氧还原反应(ORR)的缓慢动力学。Pt3Ni合金被广泛认为是质子交换膜燃料电池ORR中最具前景的催化剂。然而，Pt3Ni合金催化剂的实际应用受限于其耐久性不足，主要归因于Ni易流失和颗粒团聚。本研究通过一种超声辅助溶胶凝胶法，成功制备了Re掺杂PtNi金属气凝胶，以强化Pt-Ni键强度并抑制奥斯特瓦尔德熟化从而提升燃料电池耐久性和高效的电催化ORR性能。该催化剂在0.9 V时表现出质量活性达1.88 A∙mgPt−1优异ORR活性(商业Pt/C的3.1倍)。耐久性测试表明，Re可以有效抑制Ni的浸出，特别是经过20,000次循环后质量活性仅衰减，半波电位只偏移6.5 mV，具备优异的耐久性。该研究通过界面调控为提升Pt基ORR催化剂耐久性提供了新策略。
Abstract: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) represent a highly efficient and clean energy conversion technology. Yet their widespread commercialization is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode. Pt3Ni alloys are widely recognized as among the most promising catalysts for ORR in PEMFCs. However, their practical application is limited by insufficient durability, primarily caused by Ni leaching and nanoparticle agglomeration. In this study, we successfully synthesized Re-doped PtNi metal aerogels via an ultrasound-assisted solgel method, which reinforces the Pt-Ni bonding strength and suppresses Ostwald ripening, thereby significantly enhancing both the durability and electrocatalytic ORR performance. The resulting catalyst exhibits exceptional ORR activity, achieving a mass activity of 1.88 A∙mgPt−1 at 0.9 V. Durability tests further revealed that Re doping effectively inhibits Ni dissolution. When tested in a PEMFC, the catalyst demonstrated remarkable stability, with only a 6.5 mV shift in half-wave potential after 20,000 cycles under low Pt loading. This work offers a novel strategy for improving the durability of Pt-based catalysts through rational interfacial modulation.
文章引用：任美欣, 何乡帅, 贾子萱, 古晓琳, 肖建军, 雷红红, 郑远远, 李波. Re掺杂PtNi金属气凝胶及其氧还原性能研究[J]. 物理化学进展, 2025, 14(4): 616-625. https://doi.org/10.12677/japc.2025.144059

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