不同年龄段肺炎患儿对中医护理技术的接受偏好与满意度研究

Research on the Acceptance Preferences and Satisfaction of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Techniques in Children with Pneumonia of Different Age Groups

摘要: 目的：探讨不同年龄段肺炎患儿对中医护理技术的接受偏好与满意度差异，为制定年龄适配型中医护理方案提供依据。方法：采用回顾性研究方法，收集2022年1月至2025年8月珠海市中西医结合医院收治的70例肺炎患儿病历资料，按年龄分为婴幼儿组(<3岁)、学龄前组(3~6岁)和学龄组(7~14岁)。统计各组对穴位贴敷、穴位按摩、中药熏洗、耳穴压豆、中药硬膏热贴敷、拔罐等6项中医护理技术的接受率(依从性)及家属满意度，并进行组间比较。结果：穴位贴敷的接受率均为100%，穴位按摩的接受率随年龄增长升高(婴幼儿组62.96%，学龄组84.21%)，中药熏洗、耳穴压豆和中药硬膏热贴敷的接受率均随年龄增长显著上升(P < 0.05)。拔罐接受率最低(15.71%)，且年龄差异无显著性。家属总体满意度为82.86%，学龄组满意度最高(89.47%)。各项技术满意度均高于80%，其中穴位贴敷满意度达92.86%。所有技术均未报告严重不良反应。结论：患儿对中医护理技术的接受率存在明显的年龄差异，但满意度普遍较高。临床应根据年龄段特点优先选择无创、易操作的技术(如穴位贴敷、穴位按摩)，以提升依从性与疗效。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the differences in acceptance preferences and satisfaction with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing techniques among children with pneumonia of different age groups, and to provide a basis for formulating age-appropriate TCM nursing plans. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect the medical records of 70 children with pneumonia admitted to Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2022 to August 2025. They were divided into the infant group (<3 years old), the preschool group (3~6 years old), and the school-age group (7~14 years old) according to age. The acceptance rate (compliance) and family satisfaction of six traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques, namely acupoint application, acupoint massage, traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and washing, auricular point pressing, hot application of traditional Chinese medicine hard ointment and cupping, in each group were statistically analyzed, and comparisons were made between groups. Results: The acceptance rates of acupoint application were all 100%. The acceptance rate of acupoint massage increased with age (62.96% in the infant group and 84.21% in the school-age group). The acceptance rates of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and washing, auricular point pressing and hot application of traditional Chinese medicine hard ointment all increased significantly with age (P < 0.05). The acceptance rate of cupping was the lowest (15.71%), and there was no significant age difference. The overall satisfaction rate of family members was 82.86%, with the school-age group having the highest satisfaction rate (89.47%). The satisfaction rate of all technical aspects was above 80%, among which the satisfaction rate of acupoint application reached 92.86%. No serious adverse reactions were reported for all the techniques. Conclusion: There are significant age differences in the acceptance rate of traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques among children patients, but the satisfaction rate is generally high. Clinically, non-invasive and easy-to-operate techniques (such as acupoint application and acupoint massage) should be given priority based on the characteristics of different age groups to enhance compliance and therapeutic effects.